Construction and building trades
How to become a plumber or pipefitter
Install and fix the pipes that carry water, gas, and steam.
About $62,000 typical pay. Training time: 4–5 year paid apprenticeship. How to start: Paid apprenticeship.
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What does a plumber or pipefitter do?
Plumbers and pipefitters install and repair the pipes that carry water, gas, and steam in homes, hospitals, and industrial plants. It's a licensed trade learned through a paid apprenticeship, and experienced plumbers often go on to start their own companies.
What the work is like
- Physical: Very physical. Expect lifting, standing, and moving all day.
- Heights: Some ladder or rooftop work.
- Blood and medical: No medical tasks.
- Schedule: Some nights, weekends, or on-call time.
- Travel: You'll usually work close to home.
- Math: Some everyday math.
Steps to become a plumber or pipefitter
Training: 4–5 year paid apprenticeship. You can earn while you learn.
- Search apprenticeship.gov for plumbing or pipefitter apprenticeships near you.
- Apply for plumber’s helper jobs at local companies.
- Register as an apprentice with your state once you’re hired.
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Where plumber or pipefitter jobs are in demand
Texas
- Central Texas: One of the fastest-growing areas in the country, with nonstop construction, new chip plants in Taylor and Austin, and Fort Cavazos nearby.
- Houston and the Gulf Coast: Refineries, chemical plants, ports, and the Texas Medical Center all need skilled workers.
California
- San Diego County: Shipbuilding, the Navy and Marines, biotech, and a big construction market.
- Bay Area and Sacramento: Electric cars, solar, chip makers, and a big push to upgrade buildings.
Idaho
- Idaho: One of the fastest-growing states, with nonstop homebuilding, a major chip plant expanding in Boise, and big farms that need mechanics and drivers.
Regional demand is a general guide. Check with your local workforce office for current openings.
How to pay for plumber or pipefitter training
Many people start this career through a paid apprenticeship or an employer who trains you, so training can cost little or nothing.
Fill out the FAFSA to see if you qualify for a Pell grant. Since 2026, Workforce Pell can also cover some short programs of 8 to 15 weeks. High school CTE and dual credit classes are often free.
Frequently asked questions
How much does a plumber or pipefitter make?
Typical pay is about $62,000, based on approximate national medians. Starting pay is usually lower, and pay varies by area and experience.
How long does it take to become a plumber or pipefitter?
4–5 year paid apprenticeship.
Can you get paid while training?
Yes. Many people in this career are paid while they train, through a paid apprenticeship, an employer who covers training, or on-the-job learning.
Do you need a college degree?
No. This career doesn't require a four-year degree.
Similar careers to explore
- Electrician: About $62,000. 4–5 year apprenticeship that pays you while you learn
- HVAC technician: About $59,000. 6 months to 2 years in a program, or learn on the job as a helper
- Welder: About $51,000 (pipeline welders often earn more). 6–18 month certificate. Some high schools offer welding certs
- Carpenter: About $58,000. 3–4 year paid apprenticeship, or start on a crew now
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